Environment and Health: Poor Waste Disposal

There is no specific definition of the term environment. Environment is the state of human health and safety, conditions of human life, the food chain, cultural sites and built structures, which are, or are likely to be, affected by the state of the elements of the environment and the interaction between them. Other people define environment as everything that makes up our surroundings and affects our ability to live on the earth including the air we breathe, the water that covers most of the earth's surface, the plants and animals around us, and much more. In recent years, scientists have been carefully examining the ways that people affect the environment. They have found that we are causing air pollution, deforestation, acid rain, and other problems that are dangerous both to the earth and to ourselves. These days, when you hear people talk about “the environment”, they are often referring to the overall condition of our planet, or how healthy it is, sometimes how bad is it? Millennium Development Goal seven is addressing the issues concerning environment which state, ‘Ensure Environmental Sustainability’. Melnick et al. (2005a) explained environmental sustainability as the situation of meeting current human needs without undermining the capacity of the environment to provide for those needs over the long term. The MDG seven consider the satisfaction of present generation as well as for the future generation.

Health and environment are good friends. If the environment is well kept, organized and clean no people will suffer from diseases like diarrhoea or any water borne diseases. If it is the opposite is when you will hear people suffering from diarrhoea, cholera and many others. However, environment is the key determinant of human health. Poor waste disposal in urban areas is a great cause of diseases. Take the City of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania as a case study. Cities have multiplied and expanded rapidly worldwide over the past two centuries (McMichael, 2000). Dar es Salaam is one of the cities expanding at tremendous speed. Thus, many cities are sources of creativity and technology, and they are the engines for economic growth. Cities are also sources of poverty, inequality, and health hazards from the environment (McMichael, 2000). The city of Dar es Salaam with an area of 1,393 square kilometres has a more than 4 million people (URT, 2003). Many people in this city are living in slums where it is difficult to collect waste and even to empty or drain their toilets. What is done during rain seasons, people just empty or open their latrines and allow waste to go with water to the down streams. It is during rain time when your hear outbreak of disease like Cholera and Diarrhoeal, and many others. Urban populations have long been incubators and gateways for infectious diseases. In the city, every year people are dying because of diarrhoeal disease and respiratory infections. All these diseases are due to urban poverty and poor adaptation to various vector-borne infections to urbanization. If the environment is kept clean, and people are following the procedures of cleaning their environment, it is hard to hear people dying because of diseases caused by dirty environment.

We must develop policies that ameliorate the existing environmental problems and educate people on how to get rid of water borne diseases. Government should also be strict in collecting waste in time.

References:
Melnick, D., Kakabadse-Navarro, Y., McNeely, J., Schmidt-Traub, G. & Sears, R. 2005b.The MIllenium Project: the positive health implications of improved environmental sustainability. (pdf) The Lancet, Vol. 365, 723-725.
McMichael, A. J. 2000. Urban Environment and Health in a World of Increasing Globalization: Issues for Developing Countries. Bulletin of the World Health Organization. Keppele Street, London.
URT, 2003. National Bureau of Statistics. Tanzania

Infectious Diseases

With 2015 only a decade away, the poorest countries face enormous hurdles to achieving the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) for health, let alone the broader goal of health for all their citizens (Ruxin et al, 2005:618). This is very interesting inthe sence that we are focusing on Millenium Development Goal 6 which state, 'Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases'. Severity of disease is much connencted to poverty and lack of proper education.

Summarize how to prevent malaria
Malaria is a preventable and curable disease. Malaria causes over 1 million deaths, most in children younger than 5 years and 300 to 500 million episode of acute illness each year (Ruxin et al., 2005). This disease affects more than 50% of the words population and hits tropical Africa hardest. Malaria can be prevented through different ways such as
 Use of insecticide-treated bed-nets
 Indoor residual spraying
 Intermittent presumptive treatment during pregnancy
 Early diagnosis and prompt treatment with effective anti-malarias;
 Management of the environment to control mosquitoes;
 Health education; and
 Epidemic forecasting, prevention and response.

Prevention of other infectious diseases such as Tuberculosis and HIV/Aids effectively at the global level. Tuberculosis affects poor and vulnerable populations hardest and has worsened in recent years. Tuberculosis is a leading killer of people with HIV, and up to 80% of tuberculosis patients are HIV positive in countries with high prevalence of HIV. The spread of multi-drug resistant tuberculosis highlights the global threat of poor tuberculosis control and of the failure to treat all patients properly. Tuberculosis can be prevented by educating people the causes of tuberculosis and how to control it once someone gets it and how not to spread it to others. Other method is to ensure access to high quality tuberculosis drugs or medicines for affected people. Campaigns, seminars, TV programmes, Radio programmes, magazines, posters, to mention some, can help to sensitize people on TB.


HIV/AIDS. Currently there is no vaccine for HIV/AIDS. Different ways can help to prevent people from getting this disease. Proper condoms use all the time some one having sex. Behaviour change campaign in communities, schools, workplaces, and the mass media; Harm reduction measures to limit spread in injecting drug user,
Entiretroviral protocols to reduce mother-to-child transmission; And entiretroviral therapy to reduce morbidity and prolong the lives of those who already have the virus. Above all if possible stay without doing sex, if not possible be faithful to one partner.

Summary of my thoughts
This week topic is addressing Millennium Development Goal 6 which is Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria and other diseases. I found that all the disease mentioned here affect the poor people most compared to the well off group. There are inadequate/deficient supplies of almost all important essential drugs to developing countries. The problem is poverty which obstructs peoples' ability to buy the required drugs. One of the best preventive measures which across all is education, people should first get proper education on how to prevent diseases, then others follows, prevention is better than cure.

Reference:
Ruxin, J., Paluzzi, J., Wilson, P., Tosan, Y., Kruk, M. & Teklehaimanot, A. 2005. Emerging consensus in HIV/AIDS, malaria, tuberculosis, and access to essential medicines. (pdf) The Lancet, Vol. 365 (12), 618-621.

Maternal and Child Health

Main reasons for maternal and child mortality in dveloping countries vary from one country to another. The first reason of maternal and child mortality in developing countries is deseases. Most of these deseases are preventable or treated. Another problem is undernutrition. Wmen before, at pregnance time and after delivery lack diet food which make them susceptible to different diseases.

Globally, more than half a million women die each year because of complication related to pregnancy and child birth. Of the estimated 536,000 maternal deaths worldwide in 2005, developing countries accounted for more than 99 percent. About half of the maternal deaths (265,000)occured in Sub-Saharan Africa alone and one third took place in South Asia (187,000). In the readings different causes of maternal and child mortality were enumerated such as complication of abortion, haemorrhage, obstructed labour, the hypertensive disorder of pregnance and many others.

In Tanzania for example, main causes include malaria and HIV/AIDs. Malaria is number one. this is so because most women go to hospital late and some of the health centers are very far, as the result most women die on the way to hospital. this is also no new born child. Because health centers are very far, most women found it hard to take theif children to hospital frequently as the result they fail to monitor the growth of their baby.

Child mortality is closely linked to povery. Is so because most death occured in developing coutries compared to developed one. Improvement in public health services are essential, including safe water and better sanitation. Education, especially for girls and mother, will also save children's lives. Raising income can help, but little will be achieved unless a greater effort is made to ensure that services reach those who need them most. Problem is here, most health services need payment, and most of people in developing countries are not able to pay, as the result they failed to take their children to hospital for treatment. In Tanzania women are not able to buy even mosquito nets.

Reduction of maternal and child mortality. Here a lot need to be done. Women and girls should be given education before starting reproduction, during pregnance and so forth. Governments should provide free health serivice to women and proper vaccination to children. In case of malaria, each women with a baby under 5 should be given free mosquito net. Health center should be close to people so as to reduce distance in searching for health services.

Infact there are similarities in reducing maternal and child mortality. Education can play role, if you educate girls or women about maternal you should also include education about taking care of the child. All these go hand in hand, is the same as killing two birds by one stone. If you provide mosquito net, it is for mother and the child.

References
www.childinfo.org/mortality_challenge.html
www.childinfo.org/maternal_mortlaity.html

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EQUALITY

Gender equality can affect access to healthcare services, education, environment and many others. As we have seen in the UNICEF data about education, there is inequality in access to education between girls and boys. The number varies between one county to the other. The worse situation the data is in developing countries. Grown et al. 2005 showed that, for a long time, researchers have recognized that educating girls is important for improving health, reducing genger inequality and empowering women. To do this a lot need to be done. For education improvement, there is a need of making school more affordable by reducing costs and offering targeted scholarships, building secondary schools close to where girls live and making schools girl-friendly (Grown, et al. 2005).

EDUCATION

Health and education are friends, are inseparable. With poor education people can end up with poor health as it is said in the moodle/unipid that, increased education has been an indication to improve health in different levels, at individual level, society level and at global level. The second UN Millennium Development Goal (MDG) aimed at Achieving Universal Primary Education by 2015. The way I see, it is hard to achieve this goal at 100%, we still have a long way to go. If we evaluate the state of education across the globe, the image would shock many of us. Current estimates place the number of out of school children at 93 million which is more than the entire population of Phillipines (http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation /index_44870.html). The majority of these children are girls, and almost 80% of them live in Sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.

From the Millenium Development Goals to the Dakar Declaration, countries have repeatedly committed themselves to achieving Universla Primary Education and eliminating gender disparites at all levels of education by 2025. The number of enrolment at different level of education is not the same as the number of school attendance. Take example of Tanzania in Table 5 of Education, primary school enrolment ratio (2000-2006) net was 99 and 97 for males and females respectively, while the primary school attendance ration net in the same years was 71 and 75 for males and females respectively. This figures shows that there are many who drop on the way. This data is for one country, other countries shows different trend. With this trend I don't believe if we can meet the second MDG which aimed at Achieving Universal Primary Education. We will work to a certain point not one hundred percent.

I spent sometimes listening to the video in the course and realize that education is very important and is a good thing for anyone to have. One video was composed in Ethiopia. Student in that video showed very good ambitious after school. Some were expecting to be teachers, to be doctors, to be pilots and even to be soldiers. According to the video there are different importance of education, life saving, life sustenance and education lay a foundation for peace and development.

Basing on the table the situation is shorking especially for women. Enrolment to all level of education is not the same. Men are leading in enrollment numbers in many countries. And when you look on the number of women completing different level of education is also discouraging. There are many cause of this which is not obvious in the table. It is very difficult to meet Millennium Development Goal with this speed. Women has a lot of setbacks including taking care of the family, susceptible to problems like marriage, pregnancies and culture. Some of the societies are not read to educate girls, there is a notion that parents or relatives will not benefit from girls because after education they will get marriage. thus the husband or the husband's relatives will benefit the fruits of education which the girl have acquired. Take Sub-Saharan Africa for example, the number of men and women completing different level of education in comparison with enrolment is decreasing, but for women is more decreasing.

My comments is that, education is a better contraceptive for poor health. To have healthy and energetic people, education should be the priority. When I was listening the video in the course I realize that, education is a tool for liberation. The video portrayed the student from Ethiopia with positive ambitions after completing their education. I explained this in the beginning. All these ambitious are hindered by different factors, culture, scio-economic factors, beliefs, corruption and politicalfactors.

Reference

http://www.unicef.org/sowc08_table_5.pdf

http://www.unicef.org/girlseducation/index_44870.htm

Poverty and Health

Poverty is defined by comparing issues or conditions. Phibbs (2003) defined poverty as having less than others in the society. In other words poverty is the feeling that someone do not have enough to use or to eat. According to the Constitution of the World Health Organization (2006), health is being in a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of diseases or infirmity.

Poverty and health are two words which can not be discussed in solation. These words are connected in one way or another. Poor people are the most susceptible to any kind of diseases such as malaria ni tropical countries, malnutrition, HIV/AIDS, to mention but a few. Thus, poor people are not able to pay for treatment, buying mosquitoe nets for malaria, or eating proper food, all these are symptoms of poverty. In the reading by Farmer et al (2006) it is noted that HIV/AIDS is a disease of the poor. It is so because the symptoms are more obvious to the poor than the well-off people.

The two concepts I see in the reading are structural violence and clinical medicine. Structural violence is a man-made situation which can be also be stopped. It is the situation against human rights. A study in Rwanda is a challenge to every one as it was also found in Haiti. These two places portray the same situation s which exist in other poor countries. With violence people cannot engage in production activities as the result poverty.

Rwanda is one of the densely populated country as Farmer et al (2006) pointed out in the reading, the main economic activity of this country and other countries is agriculture. As we all knows, agriculture is seasonal activity which does not give people stable income. The activity is mainly affected by climate, diseases and market situation. For this case income or yield generated is very low which can not give farmers stable income to pay for food and treatment. Both countries Haiti and Rwanda have experinced political violence which in one way or another retarded their economic development speed.

HIV/AIDS has recently worsened people's health and economic situation leading to young adult

death or lost their life, young people are the great labor force for the family and for any nation development. In spite of the availability significant resources to treat complications of HIV/AIDS infections in Africa, almost all patients enrolled on ART live in cities or towns (Farmer et al (2006). Indeed, some have noted that rapid treatment scale-up is likely to occur largely in urban settings, where infrastructure, though poor, is better than rural regions.

The second concept is clinical medicine. This is associated with delivering of treatment to the patients. Clinicians have different understanding of the causes of HIV/AIDS social. Most focus is placed on behaviours and lifestyles that place some one in HIV infections. Social factors such as poverty, gender inequality and racism need to be also taken aboard.

Lesson learnt from the artilce

The artical bring challenges associated with poverty and health. Poor people are the most vulnerable and victims of poor health and diseases. Thus, there is a need of helping the poor. Stopping structural violence is one step towards solving the problems associated with poverty including poor health conditions. Education is also a point to consider when supporitng the poor who accriding to the Farmer's reading is in rural areas.

References

Farmer et al. 2003. Structural Violence and Clinical Medicine. Plos Medicine.

Phibbs, S. 2003. The Impact of Poverty on Health. A Scan of Research Literature CPHI. Collected Papers.

Constitution of the World Health Organization, 2006. Basic Documents. Forty-fifth Edition, Supplement, October 2006.

Who is to blame poverty or disease?

Poverty and health go hand in hand, and poverty affects health and its determinats in many ways. I am exchange student at the University of Turku. I was born in Tanzania one of the country in developing countries. About 80% of population in Tanzania lives in rural areas where main economic activity is agriculture. Life in rural areas is very difficulty as it is faced with various problems such as climate, diseases, poor harvesting and hunger. Poverty is the main problem in most rural areas. People live with less than 2 US Dollars a day which is below the poverty line. Most of the villages in rural areas don't have health facilities. Health services are delivered in a very far distances. A person had to walk about more than 5 km searching for health services. Some people mostly pregnant women die on the way to hospital. Above all rural people don't have money to pay for health services. Lack of money which is the feature of poverty contributes to high death in rural areas. Some people die out of the diseases which can be treated. In this perspective who is to shoulder this problem.

Why is it important to consider health at the Global Level?

Kickbusch (2002), state that the goal of global health is the equitable access to health in all regions of the globe. Global health encompasses health problems, issues and concerns that transcend national boundaries, may be influenced by circumstances or experiences in other countries, and are best addressed by cooperatives actions and solutions. With that definition health at global level is of high important as diseases does not have boundaries. There are some diseases which transcend boundaries such as infectious and insect-borne diseases that can spread from one country to another. It also includes health problems that are of such magnitude that they have a global and economic impact (familiesusa.org/.../global-health/what-is-global-health.html). Diseases which cross boundary need cooperation to control it, that's where the important of health at global level play its role.

Health is Wealth. People with poor health can not work or produce. A person who is health is the one who can work and produce dofferent things. with knowledge on global health it is when people can be aware on contagious diseases which spread very fast. Precaution is taken if someone is aware about the diseases. Diseases have no boundaries, thus it is important to consider health at global level because it is simple to work at local level.

Reference

familiesusa.org.../global-health/what-is-global-health.html

Global health issues

Health is one of the important condition of life. Everyone need to be fine in terms of health so that s/he can perform duties properly. I belive in this course I will learn a lot about global health issues. I will share different views with you and other students from different part of the world. I am from Tanzania.

Kuwa na mpenzi zaidi ya mmoja

Kuwa na mpenzi zaidi ya mmoja husababishwa na tamaa. Ndio sababu wasichana wengi wadogo wana simu za bei kubwa ukilinganisha na watoto wa kiume hata kuliko sisi wazazi. Wakiume pia wapo kwani wapo wachache ambao wanamilikiwa na mashuga mami, ambao huwaita Serengeti boys. Utakuta mtu ana rafiki kwa ajili ya lift, mwingine kwa ajili ya chips na vinywaji, yupo wa kwenda nae beach na kadhalika. Sisi kama wazazi inabidi tubadili mwelekeo na mtazamo, tuache kushabikia tunapoona mtoto wa jirani au ndugu anapotoka.

Kuwa na mpenzi zaidi ya mmoja ni tatizo kubwa sana, linahitaji ujasiri wa hali ya juu. Na elimu ya ziada inatakiwa kutolewa. Kwani kuna wingi wa demokrasia ya vyombo vya habari ambavyo vinachochea mtu kuwa na mpenzi zaidi ya mmoja. Pia heshima ya woga ndani ya wapenzi ni sababu kubwa ya tatizo hilo. Mmoja anaogopa kumwambia mwenzake abadili staili ya mapenzi kwani anaogopa kuonekana mhuni. Na pia anafikiria iwapo ataniktalia nitajisikiaje? Vibanda vinavyoonyesha mikanda au video usiku navyo ni chanzo kikubwa sana, kwani ufikapo usiku mnene mikanda yenye vishawishi vya ngono huonyeshwa. Fungakazi ni kwenye internet na kwenye simu. Kwani watu wanatumiana move za kutisha za kimapenzi kwenye simu. Nyumba za wageni nazo hazichagui, ili mradi ulipie. Uingie na mtoto wa sekondari, wa shule ya msingi, wa chuo na kadalika hakuna wakukuuliza, je tutafika?

Elimu na ushirikiano vinatakiwa. Femina mna kazi nzito ya kufikisha ujumbe kwa walio wengi hasa vijijini. ONE LOVE IS A SOLUTION.

Kipindi cha Fema wiki hii kililenga panapostahili, pale kijana kutoka Mtwara alipokiri kuwa rafiki zaidi ya mmoja wa kingono. Kitendo hicho kilimpelekea kijana huyo kupata gonjwa la ngono. Cha kushangaza ni kwamba kijana huyo hakujua gonjwa hilo alilipata kutoka kwa mwanamke yupi? Nilichojifunza ni kwamba, vijana tulio wengi hatutaki kutumia kinga na tunachukulia magonjwa ya ngono ukiwepo UKIMWI kama ajali kazini. Mahusiao ya kingono kwa mpenzi zaidi ya mmoja ni hatari sana.

Bwana ishi na tuli wake walitoa ujumbe mzito sana.

MISITU NI DAHABU

Misitu ni muhimu sana kwa maisha ya binadamu. Hutupatia dawa, kuni, mkaa na mbao. Misitu pia huvuta mvua, hutoa kivuli kwa ajili ya kupumzika pia misitu ni makazi ya wanyama. Faida hizi zote huweza kutoweka kwa muda mfupi iwapo matumizi hayatakuwa endelevu.

Uvunaji wa mazao ya misitu usioangalia na kukifikiria kizazi kijacho, huo in uharamia wa misitu. Uharibifu wa misitu umjitokeza sehemu mbalimbali hapa nchini. Mfano dhahiri ni misitu ya RUVU KUSINI. Misitu hiyo hukatwa kwa matumizi ya mkaa, kuni na mbao. Msitu huu umekuwa kama hauna mwenyewe. Chakushangaza ni kwamba msitu huu ni wa hifadhi ya Taifa.

Wananchi wanoishi karibu na msitu huu wanasema kwamba hawaoni umuhimu wa msitu huu kwao, kwani hawaoni faida nyingine tofauti na nilizozieleza hapo juu. Siku za nyuma walikuwa wakiulinda na kukamata maharamia pamoja na mazao waliyovuna msituni. Mazao hayo yalikuwa kama mbao, magogo ya kujengea, mkaa na kuni. Mazao hayo yalichukuliwa na serikali kuu pasipo kubakiza chochote katika kijiji. Mali iliyokamatwa iliuzwa kwa fedha nyingi sana lakini hakuna chochote kilichorejeshwa kwa wananchi au kijijini. Kwa sababu hiyo wananchi wakaamua kuacha watu wajivunie msitu kama wao.

Tatizo la yote hayo ni kutowashirikisha wananchi katika ulinzi wa misitu. Wananchi washirikishwe kwenye ulinzi wa misitu na faida zitokananzo na mazao ya misitu zigawanye kwa makubaliano ya wananchi. Sheria zitungwe au zitumike kuwaadhibu wanatumia misitu kinyume na taratibu. Pia wananchi waleimishwe umuhimu wa misitu na matatizo ya kutokuwa na misitu.

UNYANYAPAA NA VIRUS VYA UKIMWI

Nilisikiliza kipindi cha Femina Talkshow cha wiki hii kwa masikitiko makubwa sana. Kuna dada mmoja mlemavu alipata ukimwi na kutelekezwa na familia yake. Mwanadada huyo aliamua kueleza wazi kuwa ni muadhirika akitegemea kupata msaada kutoka kwa familia yake. Chakushangaza ni kwamba alinyanyapaliwa na kutengwa na familia yake. Kwa sasa analelewa na mtu aliye wa familia yake. Ni ndugu wa kutoka kijiji kimoja. Mambo kama hayo yapo kwenye familia nyingi. Ndio maana tulio wengi tunaogopa kujitangaza. Kwani kujitangaza ni kunyanyapaliwa na jamii na pia kutengwa. Huyu mlemavu alijitoa mhanga na kujitangaza. Alikuwa na ujumbe mzito kwa wa-Tanzania. Kwani tulio wengi tunadhani walemavu hawana ukimwi? Dunia imebadilika. Hakuna mlemavu, watoto wa shule wala nani. Wote wanao. All are vulnerable to HIV/AIDS.

Ni wajibu wetu kama jamii kuwahudumia waadhirika wa ugonjwa huu kwa hali na mali. Kwani wote ni watarajiwa wa ugonjwa huo. Nilisoma jana kwenye jamii forums kwamba kuna mtoto alikuja papai na kupata HIV. Uchunguzi ulipofanyika uligundua kwamba aliyemuuzia mtoto huo papai alikuwa na jeraha liliokuwa linatoa damu. Kwa hali hiyo mtoto alipata ukimwi kwa nia hiyo. No one is safe against this killer disease.
Ninatoa pongezi kwa kipindi cha Femina Talk Show hiki kwani kinatoa mambo muhimu yanayozikumba jamii zetu. Kwa hiyo tujifunze kupitia kipindi hiki.

Bei ya Nyama Jiji Dar Sasa Inatisha

Maisha ya mwananchi wa kima cha chini yanakuwa magumu siku hadi siku. Wiki iliyopita bei ya nyama ilikuwa ni shilingi 3,200 kwa kilo kwa fedha ya ki-Tanzania. Juzi nilinunua nyama hiyo hiyo kwa shilingi 3,400 kwa kilo. Cha kushangaza ni kwamba leo asubuhi nimenunua nyama kwa shilingi 3,600 kwa kilo moja. Je tutafika?
Ninachojiuliza ni kwamba wakati wa mfungo Mtukufu wa Ramadhani nyama inatumika kwa wingi sana au tatizo lipo wapi? Nikiangalia sioni sababu ya kufanya nyama ambayo ni kitoweo muhimu kwa wananchi kupanda hasa wakati wa sikukuu kubwa kama hii ya Mfungo, X-Mass na Pasaka. Ninadhani kuna haja ya kufanya juhudi za ziada ili kutuokoa sisi wa-Tanzania

Asilimia 40 ya bidhaa nchini ni feki

Je tutafika? Leo nimesikia kwenye vyombo vya habari kuwa asilimia arobaini ya bidhaa zinazouzwa hapa nchini ni feki, zisikuwa sahihi kwa matumizi ya binadamu. Hii hali imenishtua sana. Kwani ni vigumu watu au watanzania tulio wengi kugundua au kujua kitu ambacho ni FAKE au GENUINE. Zinahitajika juhudi za ziada kuwaokoa wa-Tanzania. Kinyume na hapo tutalipoteza taifa hili.Cha kujiuliza, hizo bidhaa feki hadi kufikia asilimia arobaini zinaingiaje nchini? TRA wananfanya nini? TBS wanafanya nini? Wafanyakazi mipakani, viwanja vya ndege na bandarini wanafanya kazi gani? Hayo ni maswali ambayo sina majibu la haraka. Je nini kifanyike. Nchi inanuka rushwa. Maisha ya wananchi yapo hatarini.
This ad zapped.

Gardens along Morogoro Road

One of the income generating acitivity in the city of Dar es salaam is selling seedlings and flowers. When moving along Morogoro road you will see a lot of people selling seedlings/plants of different kind. At the same time you will see different people parking their car along the road buying seedlings and flowers.Last week I interviewed one owner of those gardens and comment that,this business is not always giving them money. Because the customer buy their products at great quantity during rain seasons compared to dry season, as you know Dar es Salaam is not secured for water supply .So during rain time the soil is wet to support the plants thats why many people would like to buy seedlings.The problem gardeners are facing is the small capital they have. They also lack education on how to improve their business as well as it is difficult to predict the market situation. Somedays they failed even to sell one seedlings. My concern here is that how those gardeners can be assisted

Wafanyakazi wa ndani

Wafanyakazi wa ndani ni watu muhimu sana katika familia zetu. Hushughulika na kupika, kufua, na unakuta ndie anabaki na mtoto ikiwa baba na mama wanafanyakazi. Ni vizuri tukawaheshimu na kuwafanya kuwa ni sehemu ya familia yetu.

Familia zinatofautiana, zipo familia zinaaowaona wafanyakazi wa ndani kama watumishi. Kwa upande wangu ninalaani kitendo hicho. Tuwape haki. Si kuwatumikisha bila kuwapa ajira yao. Walipwe kulingana na makubaliano walioekeana baina yao. Wakati mwingine wafanyakazi wa ndani huwa ndio wa mwisho kula na hata kulala. Wao ni binadamu kama wengine huwa wanachoka na wanahitaji muda wa kupumzika.

Swali: Je hayo yanatokea kwenye familia zetu.
Ni nini kifanyike?

ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Environment is life. If we destroy our environment, it means that we are threatening our life. We need to use environment in a sustainable way. Youths are engaged in small businesses such as farming, producing charcoal and carpentry. Most of these activities have a great chance to degrade the environment if they won’t be watchful.

Youth Forum held in Dar es Salaam at the University of Dar es Salaam collected student from different part of the world to exchange ideas and knowledge. It is obvious that most people including youth are engaging in different activities to fulfill their needs in the informal sector which provide them employment.

Deputy Permanent Secretary in the Ministry of Labor, Employment and Youth Development Edne Mangesho said that natural resources could help in solving the unemployment problem of youths through agriculture, fishing and minerals and thereby reduce the threat to the environment.

I agree with her to some extent. But how many youth are able to access minerals available in the county like Tanzania? Are there any law or policies which favor citizens? We always hear some people are killed by rich people who own mineral in area like Mererani. Some killings are bad because some people were killed just because they were crossing in someone area used for mining. So how youth are benefiting in mineral resources?

Ongezeka la watu na matumizi ya misitu

Misitu ni rasilimali muhimu sana kwa matumizi ya binadamu. Kutokana na misitu tunapata kuni, mbao, majengo, dawa, chakula cha binadamu kama matunda na malisho ya wanyama. Misitu pia hutoa faida nyingine kama kivuli, kuzuia mmomonyoko wa udongo, mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa na mengine.

Tatizo ni kutokuwa na matumizi endelevu ya misitu, watumiaji wa misitu waelimishwe matumizi bora ya misitu. Wananchi wanakata miti bila kutoa muda kwa misitu hiyo kuota. Hii inatokana na ongezeko la watu kutoendana na uwezo wa misitu kutoa faida hizo. Pia watumiaji wa misitu hawapandi miti baada ya kuvuna.

Mabadiliko ya Hali ya Hewa

Shughuli za kibinadamu ndio chanzo kikubwa cha mabadiliko ya hali ya hewa duniani. Shughuli hizo ni za viwandani, kilimo, kibiashara, usafirishaji and madini. Pasipokuwepo na matumizi sahihi ndio hapo hutokea ongezeko la joto duniani. Tatizo lingine ni kuongezeka kwa kina cha maji baharini na kuyeyuka kwa barafu katika ncha za dunia na katika milima kama ilivyotokea katika mlima wa Kilimanjaro, uliopo nchini Tanzania, Barani Afrika.

Matatizo mengine ni kuibuka kwa magonjwa mbalimbali kama vile malaria katika nyanda za juu na magonjwa ya ngozi, na mengine mengi.

NI DILI KUUNGUA KWA JENGO LA USHIRIKA

Kumbe ni Dili! 2008-03-04 16:35:15 Na Emmanuel Lengwa, Jijini

Wakati ni jana tu moto ambao chanzo chake hakijafahamika, uliunguza sehemu kubwa ya chini ya jengo la Ushirika lililopo mtaa wa Lumumba na kusababisha hasara ya mamilioni ya pesa, kuna madai kuwa hilo ni dili la mafisadi waliokuwa wakijaribu kuhujumu taarifa na nyaraka muhumu zilizo kwenye moja ya ofisi nyeti iliyo kwenye jingo hilo. Taarifa zilizolifikia gazeti hili zinadai kuwa ofisi iliyolengwa ni ile sababu za kuwepo kwa hisia za mkono wa mafisadi katika kulichoma moto jengo hilo, zinaelezwa kuwa ni kuwepo kwa ofisi za msajili wa makampuni nchini katika jengo hilo, BRELA, ambazo zimehifadhi data za makampuni yote yakiwemo yale tata ya Richmond, Kagoda, Meremeta na mengineyo. Wakizungumza na Alasiri, baadhi ya watu wameonyesha wasiwasi wao huo kwa kudai kuwa, mafisadi wana mbinu nyingi na hivyo wanaweza kuwa ndio waliocheza dili la kuchoma moto jengo hilo kwa nia ya kuteketeza taarifa nyeti zilizopo humo. ``Sidhani kama moto huu ni wa bahati mbaya... naamini mafisadi wamejaribu kutia mkono, ingawa wameshindwa kutimiza azma yao,`` amesema Bw. James Changalawe, mkazi wa Tandika. Mkazi mwingine wa Mwenge Bi. Judith James amesema kuungua kwa jengo hilo lenye ofisi za BRELA kunaleta wasiwasi mkubwa. ``Ule moto unaweza kuwa ni ajali kama inavyoonekana katika taarifa za awali toka polisi... lakini ieleweke kuwa mafisadi wana mbinu nyingi katika kufanikisha yale wanayoyataka,`` akadai Bi. Judith. Aidha, akizungumza na Alasiri leo asubuhi, Katibu Mkuu wa CHADEMA, Dk. Wilbroad Slaa, amesema mafisadi wanaweza kufanya balaa hilo la kutaka kuunguza ofisi za BRELA kutokana na ukweli kuwa hivi sasa, wanahaha kufuta kila aina ya ushahidi unaoweza kuwatia hatiani. Akielezea zaidi, Dk. Slaa ambaye amekuwa mstari wa mbele katika kuibua vitendo vya ufisadi wa kutisha vinavyozorotesha jitihada za Serikali katika kuwaletea maisha bora wananchi, amesema ukimya wa Serikali katika tuhuma nyingi zilizopo ni baadhi ya sababu ambazo hata sasa anaamini kuwa zinawapa mafisadi mwanya wa kuweza kufanya mbinu chafu za kupoteza ushahidi, ikiwemo kama hiyo ya hisia za kuchoma moto jengo lililo na ofisi za BRELA. Dk. Slaa amesema kutokana na maswali mengi yaliyokosa majibu Serikalini, matukio yote haya hayawezi kuacha kuhusishwa na ufisadi. Akielezea baadhi ya masuala ambayo Serikali haijayatolea maelezo, Dk. Slaa amesema katika ripoti ya Kamati Teule ya Bunge ya kuchunguza mkataba wa Richmond, ilielezwa kuwa kuna afisa mmoja wa BRELA aliyejengewa nyumba Chang`ombe na kuwekewa fanicha baada ya kufanikisha wizi wa nyaraka. Akasema suala hilo bado Serikali haijalitolea maelezo na huenda likawa limechangia jengo hilo kuchomwa moto na mafisadi. Pia Dk. Slaa amesema kitendo cha Serikali kutotaja majina ya makampuni yanayorejesha fedha za BoT pia kinaleta wasiwasi kuwa huenda makampuni hayo yaliyosajiliwa na data zao kuwepo katika ofisi za BRELA, yamefanya mbinu za kufuta ushahidi kabla hayajaanikwa wazi. Hata hivyo bosi wa BRELA, Esteriano Mahingila amekaririwa akipuuza kuhusishwa kwa moto huo na hujuma.
SOURCE: Alasiri